Fes, often referred to as the cultural and spiritual heart of Morocco, is a city that transports visitors back in time with its ancient architecture, vibrant markets, and rich traditions. Founded in the 9th century, Fes is one of the oldest and most well-preserved medieval cities in the world, offering a unique blend of history, culture, and spirituality. This guide will take you through the must-see sites and cultural tours that will help you uncover the magic of this ancient city.

1. The Medina of Fes (Fes el-Bali): A Journey Through Time

Why Visit:

The Medina of Fes, also known as Fes el-Bali, is the oldest part of the city and a UNESCO World Heritage site. It is a labyrinth of narrow, winding streets filled with souks, mosques, madrasas, and traditional houses. The Medina is car-free, preserving its medieval atmosphere, and is home to over 9,000 alleyways that are alive with the sounds and scents of daily life.

Top Tips:

  • Hire a local guide to navigate the maze-like streets and discover hidden gems.
  • Wear comfortable shoes, as the Medina is best explored on foot.

Tour Recommendation:
Fes Medina Walking Tour: This guided tour takes you deep into the heart of Fes el-Bali, where you’ll explore its historic sites, including the tanneries, souks, and artisan workshops, while learning about the city’s history and culture.

2. Al-Qarawiyyin University and Mosque: The World’s Oldest University

Why Visit:

Founded in 859 AD, Al-Qarawiyyin University is recognized by UNESCO and the Guinness World Records as the world’s oldest continually operating educational institution. The complex includes a mosque, a library, and the university itself. The mosque is one of the largest in Africa and remains an active place of worship.

Top Tips:

  • While non-Muslims cannot enter the mosque, you can admire its architecture from the outside.
  • Visit the nearby Al Attarine Madrasa for a closer look at Islamic architecture. Tour Recommendation:
    Historical Fes Tour:     This tour includes a visit to Al- Qarawiyyin University, as well as other significant religious and educational sites in Fes, providing insights into the city’s intellectual and spiritual legacy. 3. Bou Inania Madrasa: A Masterpiece of Merenid Architecture Why Visit: The Bou Inania Madrasa is one of the few religious buildings

in Morocco that is open to non-Muslim visitors. Built in the 14th century, this madrasa is a stunning example of Merenid architecture, featuring intricate zellij tilework, carved plaster, and cedar wood details. The madrasa also includes a beautiful courtyard and a mosque.

Top Tips:

  • Take time to admire the craftsmanship, particularly the details in the prayer hall.
  • Visit early in the day to avoid crowds and have a more peaceful experience. Tour Recommendation:
    Fes Architectural Tour:     This tour focuses on the architectural marvels of Fes, including the Bou Inania Madrasa, offering a deep dive into the city’s artistic and architectural heritage. 4. The Chouara Tanneries: A Glimpse into Traditional Craftsmanship Why Visit: The Chouara Tanneries are one of the most famous and photographed sites in Fes. The tanneries have been in operation since the 11th century and offer a fascinating glimpse into the traditional process of leather production. Visitors can observe the workers dyeing and drying leather in large vats filled with natural dyes, a practice that has remained unchanged for centuries. Top Tips:
  • Bring a scarf or mask, as the smell can be quite strong.
  • Visit in the morning when the tanneries are most active.

Tour Recommendation:
Fes Craftsmanship and Souk Tour: This tour takes you to the Chouara Tanneries and other artisan workshops, where you can learn about traditional Moroccan crafts and shop for authentic souvenirs.

5. Dar Batha Museum: A Cultural Treasure

Why Visit:

Housed in a former royal palace, the Dar Batha Museum showcases a rich collection of Moroccan art and artifacts, including ceramics, woodwork, textiles, and jewelry. The museum’s Andalusian-style gardens offer a peaceful retreat, making it a perfect spot to relax and enjoy the beauty of Moroccan craftsmanship.

Top Tips:

  • Spend some time in the museum’s garden, a tranquil space with fountains and lush greenery.
  • Visit the museum as part of a broader cultural exploration of Fes. Tour Recommendation:
    Fes Cultural Heritage Tour:     This tour includes a visit to the Dar Batha Museum and other cultural institutions, providing a comprehensive overview of Fes’s artistic and cultural heritage. 6. The Mellah: Discovering the Jewish Quarter Why Visit: The Mellah is the historic Jewish quarter of Fes, located near the Royal Palace. It offers a unique perspective on the city’s multicultural history. The area is known for its distinctive

architecture, with homes featuring balconies overlooking the streets, a rarity in Islamic architecture. The Aben Danan Synagogue and the Jewish Cemetery are notable sites within the Mellah.

Top Tips:

  • Explore the Aben Danan Synagogue, one of the few remaining synagogues in Fes, and learn about the history of the Jewish community in Morocco.
  • Visit the Jewish Cemetery, which offers a poignant glimpse into the lives of Fes’s Jewish residents. Tour Recommendation:
    Fes Multicultural Tour:     This tour explores the diverse cultural and religious history of Fes, including the Mellah, Christian and Muslim landmarks, and the city’s overall historical context. 7. The Royal Palace (Dar al-Makhzen): A Majestic Landmark Why Visit: The Royal Palace of Fes, Dar al-Makhzen, is one of the most impressive landmarks in the city. While the palace itself is not open to the public, its stunning golden gates are a popular attraction. The palace is a symbol of Morocco’s royal heritage, and the surrounding gardens and walls are worth exploring. Top Tips:

• Combine your visit to the palace gates with a walk through the nearby Mellah.

• Take photos of the intricately designed gates, which are a prime example of Moroccan craftsmanship.

Tour Recommendation:
Fes Royal Heritage Tour: This tour includes a visit to the Royal Palace’s gates, along with other sites related to Morocco’s royal history, offering a deeper understanding of the country’s monarchy.

8. Nejjarine Museum of Wooden Arts & Crafts: A Tribute to Artisan Skill

Why Visit:

The Nejjarine Museum is dedicated to the traditional wooden arts and crafts of Morocco. Housed in a beautifully restored fondouk (caravanserai), the museum features a wide range of exhibits, from intricately carved doors to beautifully crafted furniture. The building itself is a work of art, with a stunning rooftop terrace offering panoramic views of Fes.

Top Tips:

  • Don’t miss the rooftop terrace for a unique view of the Medina.
  • Explore the exhibits to appreciate the skill and artistry involved in traditional Moroccan woodworking. Tour Recommendation:
    Fes Artisan and Craft Tour:     This tour takes you through the Nejjarine Museum and other craft-focused sites in Fes, providing a closer look at the city’s artisan traditions. 9. Jnan Sbil Gardens: A Green Oasis in the City Why Visit: Jnan Sbil Gardens, also known as Bou Jeloud Gardens, are a

peaceful retreat in the heart of Fes. These lush, landscaped gardens are filled with palm trees, fountains, and flowerbeds, offering a serene escape from the bustling Medina. The gardens are a perfect spot for a leisurely stroll or a picnic.

Top Tips:

  • Visit in the late afternoon to enjoy the gardens in the cool of the evening.
  • Bring a book or a picnic to fully relax and take in the tranquil surroundings. Tour Recommendation:
    Fes Nature and Gardens Tour:     This tour includes a visit to Jnan Sbil Gardens and other green spaces in Fes, offering a relaxing contrast to the city’s historic and cultural sites. 10. Borj Nord: A Fortress with a View Why Visit: Borj Nord is a historic fortress located on a hill overlooking Fes. Built in the late 16th century, the fortress now houses the Museum of Arms, which displays a vast collection of weapons from different periods of Moroccan history. The real highlight, however, is the panoramic view of the Medina from the fortress, which is especially stunning at sunset. Top Tips:
  • Visit in the late afternoon to catch the sunset over the Medina.
  • Explore the museum’s collection to learn about Morocco’s military history. Tour Recommendation:
    Fes Panoramic Tour:     This tour takes you to Borj Nord and

other viewpoints around Fes, offering breathtaking views and photo opportunities of the city’s skyline.

Conclusion

Fes is a city that offers a deep and immersive cultural experience. From exploring the ancient Medina and its historic sites to discovering the city’s rich artisan traditions and enjoying its serene gardens, Fes has something for every traveler. Whether you’re wandering through the narrow streets of Fes el-Bali, admiring the architecture of historic madrasas, or soaking in the views from Borj Nord, this ancient city will captivate you with its timeless charm. Use this guide to plan your journey through Fes and uncover the cultural treasures that make this city a must-visit destination in Morocco.